Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man Essay Example For Students

Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man Essay Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man, as told by the invisible man himself, is the story of a mans quest to separate his beliefs and values from those being pressed upon him. The narrator never gives his name in the story, which is shown later to have great significance. The narrator is a well-educated black man who has been kicked out of his college, and lied to by the school officials. While wandering around Harlem searching for some sort of closure, he encounters a black couple, unjustly evicted from their home. A crowd has gathered, also upset by the injustice, and seems to be ready to riot. Instead, the narrator speaks to them, and they rush the house systematically. This is his first true display of independent thinking and action in the story. He speaks his honest feelings to a crowd, and is backed by them. The narrators actions, however, dont remain so uninhibited throughout the story. The narrator is later approached by a representative of a group called the Brotherhood, who wish for the narrator to join them as a black leader. In the beginning his ideas are respected, but in time his superiors order him to follow their instructions, placing aside his own ideas and feelings. For a while, the narrator regresses from his independence, simply content following orders. He comes to realize, however, that he is being stifled by the Brotherhood, desiring free action once again. The narrators will suddenly conflicts with the will of the Brotherhood. The Brotherhood essentially wants to act more pacifistically, taking a less dangerous approach to the raging will of the black people. Rather than rectifying the changed Brotherhood, the narrator decides to sabotage it from the inside. His actions doing this once again represent those of a strong-willed individual, rather than his previous conformist following. The effect on the Brotherhood is shown when many of their members begin to leave, empowered now to stand against the corrupted Brotherhood. The end result is a huge riot in the streets of Harlem, between different affiliations, races, and communities. The narrator, along with his briefcase containing items of his past, is chased into a sewer during the riot. He looks through his items and realizes he has been deceived and made some poor choices in the past. He burns the items, saying goodbye to his past and embracing a new desire to understand himself, as well as his place in the world. In the storys most important line, Im an invisible man and it placed me in a hole- or showed me the hole I was in , the narrator realizes that none of the people he encountered ever even asked his name. This is because they were much more concerned with themselves, and how he fit into their master plans of self-bettering. The invisible man has been hurt horribly, but refuses to lose life. Instead, he embraces it with both love and hatred. He understands that he has spent his life justifying the desires of others. His realizations at the storys end set him free from the societal standards and values, allowing him to emerge victor against the world. The invisible man is finally visible, even if only to himself.

Project Management for Informatics Operational Safety Economics

Question: Describe about the Project Management for Informatics of Operational Safety Economics. Answer: Introduction The project management deals with the processes of managing the project and it processes (Kerzner, 2013). The primary goal of the project management is successful completion of a project in the provided time and budget. The project management utilizes a number of tools and procedures for the management of the project. The co-ordinators and project managers would have to manage the functionality and operations of the project for keeping the project in schedule. Informatics deals with the computer information system and designing. The report has been made for understanding the role of the project management skills for the management of the informatics projects. The role of the metric tools for the analysis of the accounting information of the project has been critically evaluated in the report. The projects of the Informatics require huge amount of skills and experience for managing the objectives of the project (Lorenzi Riley, 2013). Hence the report would help in concluding the role of the management process for informatics projects. Evaluation of Accounting Metrics for Informatics Project The accounting or financial metrics consist of various methods and ways by which the calculation of the financial activity of the project can be measured in terms of financial benefit like money (Choi, 2013). The accounting metrics consist of two types of metrics, Cash flow and Financial Metrics. The cash flow metric deals with the inflow and outflow of the cash and measures the investment returns. It would help in calculating the time required for getting payback from the investments. The financial statement metric deals with the evaluation of financial performance and position of the company. There are numerous metric tools such as cost benefit analysis, net present value, payback period, net cash flow, return of investment, and internal rate of return. Among these metric tools Cost benefit analysis, internal rate of return and net present value are very important. These three have been critically analysed in the report below: Critical Evaluation of cost benefit analysis According to Reniers and Van Erp (2016), the cost benefit analysis of the project is the estimates and summation of the equivalent money value benefits for the project. It evaluates the method for calculating the variable cost of the products or the project. The cost benefit analysis has simple calculative system. It would be helpful in knowing which of the benefit is outweighing the costs of the project. The cost benefit can be easily calculated. It means that everyone would be able to understand the financial nature of the project. On the other hand Bazargan et al. (2013) has pointed out that the cost benefit analysis would lead to complications in estimation. The estimation process for making sure whether or not to take the project would involve estimation of the benefits. The inaccurate or misinterpreted benefits would lead to the selection of non feasible project or rejection of feasible project. Both the scenarios are harmful for the organization or the team and it would lead t o failure. The principles of the cost benefit analysis are another important feature that would lead to benefit the project in long run (Roosen, 2014). The quantitative benefits of the project can be determined by the process of cost benefit analysis. It is very easy for calculating the quantitative benefits of a project by using the cost benefit analysis. However, when qualitative benefits are considered, the process of cost benefit analysis is not applicable. It fails to measure the qualitative advantage of the project benefits (Husereau et al., 2015). For example: the analysis of the implementation of the bonus salary program would be marked as the incurred expense. It would not take into account the benefit of employee satisfaction, increase in productivity or the decrease in turnover. The main advantage of the cost benefit analysis is the calculation of the values of the benefit that could be gained in the business operations. On the contrary the there is another problem with the cost bene fit analysis and it is the problem of value being mistakenly counted double. Critical Evaluation of Net Present Value (NPV) The Net Present Value or NPV is a tool utilized for the analysis of the investment profitability of the project (Galperin, Fishman Gibiansky, 2012). It analyses the profitability of the investment of the company or can be sued for the calculation of the new project that can be undertaken in the company. The basic calculation of the net present value consists of estimating the value of future investment in terms of the invested value today. Example of Net Present Value is: Time Cash Flows Present Value 0 -$1500 -$1500 1 $300 $272.73 2 $300 $249.93 3 $300 $225.40 4 $300 $204.90 5 $300 $186.28 6 $300 $169.34 7 $300 $153.95 8 $300 $127.23 9 $300 $115.66 NPV at 10% $36.08 The obvious benefit of using the NPV for the deciding whether or not to take any project work, is that it estimates the future value of the project (Lin Lu, 2013). It would enable the user with calculation of the benefit of investment for the company or the stakeholders. It would help in calculating the time value of the money. The investment of the project would return after some time and the NPV calculation of the return can be done by approximately calculating the investment returns on a yearly calculation. The life span of the project required for completely returning the investment and providing the profit can be calculated by the use of NPV. On the other hand, the NPV is completely based on the guesswork and estimation (Beullens Janssens, 2014). It is also possible that the assumptions made for the calculation would be not correct or accurate. The primary assumption made for the calculation would be base on the return wanted from the project. If the project investment is too high, it would lead in missing the chances of many good and potential investments. However, if the project investment is very low, it would lead to formation of sub optimized investments in the project. Critical Evaluation of Internal Rate of Return (IRR) The IRR deals with the analysis of the return rates of the investments for the project. It is a valuable tool for accessing and pursuing the project worth (Magni, 2013). The IRR would help in measuring the rate of return and the cash flows of the project. The cash flows are measured with the help of capital investments. The generation of the capital investment is the result of the calculation of the net cash flows. The internal rate of the returns would show the future cash flows of the capital investments for the project. According to Keca et al. (2012), the main advantage of the cash flow is that it would help in determining the present value of the cash that would be generated on future. Each cash flow of the project would be given equal weight for the calculation of the net results. However, the process of capital budgeting does not need the process of calculating the hurdle rate for the project. The process of IRR is subjective and it just provides the rough idea of the investme nt and it is not accurate. According to Guerra, Magni and Stefanini (2012), another problem of the IRR implementation is that it ignores the volume of the project and future costs of the project. Analysis of the Project progress and Risk Assessment of the project EVM process for alerting the project failure EVA or Earned Value Analysis is a manufacturing strategy set for measuring the advancement of the project at any instance of time (Rao Cherian, 2015). It would help in determining its closing date and last cost. It would help in dissecting the dissimilarities in the schedule and spending plan as the project continues. It compares the arranged calculation of work. The analysis would help in determining the completion of calculation and figuring out whether the expenditure, schedule, and work completed are proceeding as per the agreement. As work is completed, it is considered as "earned". The EVA is representation of values with the passage of time that can be used as an administration device for cautioning in the framework. It is used for identifying insufficient or endangered advancement. It provides a target measure of accomplishments and an exact copy of the contract status (Zeng Dai, 2013). Earned Value Management procedures the advances against a measure. It includes computing three key qualities for every action in the WBS: The Planned Value (PV), (some time ago known as the BCWS or Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled) that bit of the affirmed cost measure wanted to be spent on the given movement amid a given period. The Actual Cost (AC), (some time ago known as the actual cost of work performed or ACWP) is the aggregate of the expenses acquired in finishing the project in a given period (Wang et al., 2014). This Actual Cost must compare to whatever was planned for the Planned Value and the Earned Value (e.g. all work, material, gear, and circuitous expenses). The Earned Value (EV), (previously known as the budget cost of work performed or BCWP) is the estimation of the work really finished. These three qualities are consolidated to decide by then regardless of whether work is being proficient as arranged. The most normally utilized measures are the cost change: CV or Cost Variance = EV AC (where EV is the earned value and AC is the Actual cost) SV or Schedule Variance = EV PV (where EV is the earned value and PV is the Planned value) CPI or Cost performance index is the efficiency indicator for cost and calculated as: CPI = EV / AC (where EV is the earned value and AC is the Actual cost) SPI or Schedule performance index is the efficiency indicator for cost and calculated as: SPI = EV/PV (where EV is the earned value and PV is the Planned value) Formation of the strategies for project The strategies for risk assessment and successful completion of the project could be done by forming project model and risk mitigation. The project model would help in successful completion of the project and risk mitigation would minimize the effect of risk. Project Model: The strategies for assessing the risk and successful closure of the project consist of making a project model. The model would be implied in the project development and risks assessment. The model of the successful completion of informatics project is shown in the figure below: Figure 1: Project Management Model (Source: Garel 2013, pp-667) The model consists of seven steps like analysis, evaluation, designing, implementing, developing, monitoring, and closing. The first step of analysis would consist of the process of analysis of the requirements of the informatics project. The step of evaluation would help in evaluating each of the steps and activity of the project (Brown et al., 2016). The step of designing would help in forming a design of the project plan using the activity planned in the initial step. The step of implementing would help in implying the steps and plans made at the planning step of the project. The step of developing would help in changing and modifying the project plan with the requirements of the project. The step of monitoring would help in keeping an eye on the process of the project. It would help in forming better solutions of the project and making sure that the project is completed in time. The step of closing would help in forming the closure of the project with the help of the project plan ning. Steps Process Name Benefit of the process 1 Analysis Meeting and knowing all the requirements of the project 2 Evaluation Making sure that the project process is done in scheduled time 3 Designing Forming the main project framework and system 4 Implementing Implying the project plan for the completing the informatics project 5 Developing Development of the project would help in forming the completion of the project 6 Monitoring Keeping an eye on the process of the project 7 Closing Forming the closure of the project with the help of the project planning Table 1: List of the steps in the project management model (Source: Garel 2013, pp-665) Risk mitigation for the informatics project Risk mitigation is useful for the process of the minimizing the risk factor and forming the best suitable solution of the project completion (Davies Walters, 2013). The risk mitigation can be used by focusing on schedule, planning, performance evaluation, and cist analysis. Figure 2: Risk Management Planning (Source: Talluri et al., 2013, pp-267) Risk Mitigation planning includes following alternatives: Assume or Accept: It is used for acknowledging the occurrence of a specific risk, and settle on a considered option to recognize it without being a part in exclusive endeavours for controlling it. Endorsement of project or plan initiatives is required. Avoid: It is used for adjusting the program necessities or essentials for taking out or decreasing the hazards. This alteration could be matched by an alteration in subsidizing, timetable, or dedicated requirements. Control: It is used for implementing activities for minimizing the consequences or probability of occurrence of the hazard. Exchange: It is sued for shifting hierarchical power, obligation, and responsibility to another associate who is willing to concede the hazard. Watch or Monitor: It is used for monitoring the basic modifications that affect the environment and evaluating the additionally effect of the hazard. Conclusion The report had helped in understanding the role of the project management skills for the management of the informatics projects. The projects of the Informatics require huge amount of skills and experience for managing the objectives of the project. There are numerous metric tools such as cost benefit analysis, internal rate of return, net present value, payback period, net cash flow, and return of investment. The critical evaluation of the accounting metrics like cost benefits analysis, net present value and internal rate of return has shown that they have benefits and drawbacks both. The calculation of these metrics should be done carefully by making sure that no mistake is conceived. The Earned value analysis can be done for determining whether the project had failed to meet its requirements in estimated time. The risk is a threat to the project that would hinder the successful completion of the project. The strategies for risk assessment and successful completion of the project could be done by forming project model and risk mitigation. Hence it can be concluded from the report would help in concluding the role of the management process for informatics projects. References Bazargan, M., Lange, D., Tran, L., Zhou, Z. (2013). A simulation approach to airline cost benefit analysis. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 14(2), 54. Beullens, P., Janssens, G. K. (2014). Adapting inventory models for handling various payment structures using net present value equivalence analysis. International Journal of Production Economics, 157, 190-200. Brown, K. R., McGuire, K. J., Hession, W. C., Aust, W. M. (2016). Can the Water Erosion Prediction Project Model Be Used to Estimate Best Management Practice Effectiveness from Forest Roads?. Journal of Forestry, 114(1), 17-26. Choi, S. (2013). The Linkage Strategies Between Productivity Metrics and Financial Accounting Metrics in TPM and PAC Activities. Journal of the Korea Safety Management and Science, 15(3), 151-161. Davies, H., Walters, M. (2013). Do all crises have to become disasters? Risk and risk mitigation. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal. Galperin, Y., Fishman, V., Gibiansky, L. (2012). U.S. Patent No. 8,285,577. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Garel, G. (2013). A history of project management models: From pre-models to the standard models. International Journal of Project Management, 31(5), 663-669. Guerra, M. L., Magni, C. A., Stefanini, L. (2012). Interval and fuzzy Average Internal Rate of Return for investment appraisal. Fuzzy Sets Systems, 2014, 257-217. Husereau, D., Drummond, M., Petrou, S., Greenberg, D., Mauskopf, J., Augustovski, F., Briggs, A.H., Moher, D., Loder, E. Carswell, C., (2015). Reply to Roberts et al.: CHEERS is sufficient for reporting cost-benefit analysis, but may require further elaboration. PharmacoEconomics, 33(5), pp.535-536. Keca, L., Keca, N., Pantic, D. (2012). Net present value and internal rate of return as indicators for assessment of cost-efficiency of poplar plantations: a Serbian case study. International Forestry Review, 14(2), 145-156. Kerzner, H. R. (2013). Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Lin, H. W., Lu, H. F. (2013). Evaluating the BOT project of sport facility: an application of fuzzy net present value method. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 30(4), 220-229. Lorenzi, N. M., Riley, R. T. (2013). Organizational aspects of health informatics: managing technological change. Springer Science Business Media. Magni, C. A. (2013). The internal rate of return approach and the AIRR paradigm: a refutation and a corroboration. The Engineering Economist,58(2), 73-111. Rao, B. P., Cherian, J. (2015). Earned value analysis on an ongoing residential building Project in bangalore, india. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(3), 317-319. Reniers, G. L., Van Erp, H. R. (2016). Cost?Benefit Analysis. Operational Safety Economics: A practical approach focused on the chemical and process industries, 149-218. Roosen, J. (2014). Cost-Benefit Analysis. In Risk-A Multidisciplinary Introduction (pp. 309-331). Springer International Publishing. Talluri, S. S., Kull, T. J., Yildiz, H., Yoon, J. (2013). Assessing the efficiency of risk mitigation strategies in supply chains. Journal of Business Logistics, 34(4), 253-269. Wang, W. X., He, E. J., Zhao, Y. F. (2014). Earned Value Analysis Application in Project Management. In Advanced Materials Research(Vol. 971, pp. 2494-2497). Trans Tech Publications. Zeng, L., Dai, J. (2013). Application of Earned Value Analysis in the IT Project Cost Control.

High School Argumentative Essay - Writing an Argumentative Essay

High School Argumentative Essay - Writing an Argumentative EssayAn argumentative essay is a very difficult assignment for many high school students. There are some things that you should know before writing your argumentative essay.First, when writing an argumentative essay, try to be as objective as possible. Never let your personal opinion or bias get in the way of what you write about. This can come back to haunt you later in the professor's eyes.Second, be sure to think as clearly as you can. The more you write the better the grade. Writing a good argumentative essay will take thought and attention.Third, think about how to properly phrase your sentences. You want to come up with paragraphs that flow logically. It will help if you read many different high school argumentative essays before you write yours.Fourth, pay attention to the style of the essay. The proper grammar, punctuation, sentence structure, and type of language are just a few of the things you need to think about. High school grade books are full of this information. Don't take it for granted.Fifth, keep in mind that a very good essay will be grammatically correct. Whether you are writing from a personal experience or recalling information from a book, be sure to always use correct grammar and spellings.Sixth, a good argumentative essay is free from redundant or inane information. You don't want to provide a summary of the points in the main article, but instead provide a strong argument for the content of the main article.Finally, remember that essay writing isn't as easy as it seems. Good high school argumentative essays will take time and lots of practice, but when you do, they will be much more rewarding than any other form of essay you have ever written.

Lizanne de Beer, 2014120162 Essays - Archaeplastida, Tshepo, Coconut

Lizanne de Beer, 2014120162 ENGL 3728 Dr Philip Aghoghovwia / Ms Manuela Lovisa 21 August 2017 COCONUT RESPONSE PAPER Coconut , written by Kopano Matlwa , sets up a double narrative of two black girls, Fikile and Ofilwe , growing up in post-apartheid South Africa, and narrativises each girl's struggle to define her own identity in a space where culture is conflated to signify class position. Matlwa's story depict how young black women negotiate the ways in which their home cultures mix with the increasingly globalized and media-saturated reality they see around them. Education is a component of this as well and schools are the setting for much of the girls' interactions with different cultures, while simultaneously being depicted as racially problematic institutions in the novel. Education is seen not only as a status marker in the novel, but as an escape from troubled home-lives. Coconut 's structure mirrors Stuart Hall's concept of differences in cultural identity as the unstable points of identification which are made, within the discourses of history and culture (Hall, 2011: 226). Hall's concept of identity illuminates the reading of Matlwa's text which is not simply a narrative of black and white or occurring in one fixed time and space. Rather, it stages the identities of these young girls in an intensely diverse South Africa and the complexities and hindrances they face in their search for themselves. Matlwa's investigation of the issues of black identity in post-Apartheid South Africa is focalised through the two accounts of Ofilwe and Fikile , which run parallel to each other and at times intersect. The novel's title derives from a derogatory term used to refer to a person who is black on the outside but white' on the inside. This white on the inside refers to many cultural markers of identity, particularly language. Lynda Spencer elaborates that "the term coconut' refers to one who speaks English most of the time, choosing it over an African language, or who is unable to speak an African language, and who is considered to act white." (67). Matlwa uses dual protagonists and narrators to examine the cultural identity of contemporary Black South African women. In order to showcase the identities of the protagonists, Matlwa details intricate cultural landscapes for the characters. The construction of the novel is peculiar since it is not chronological a nd has a break in the middle where a different story is told with a different narrator. What makes the term coconut' so particularly cutting is that its use is also drawn along racial lines but it loses some of its potency when used by someone white. The remark is most cutting coming from another black person because it represents an attack on the authenticity of blackness'. The generation who made it through the struggle is now suddenly drawing lines in the sand. Black identity in South Africa cannot escape the political and social past and yet comments like these seek to trivialize the sacrifices and strife of those who prospered so astoundingly after 1994 and moved from the rural townships to the suburbs. Intriguingly, the role of education is also complicated through its sometimes negative effects on the characters in the novel. Both the girls and their families have a complex relationship to education, Ofilwe's mother is judged and ridiculed by the family for not having completed high school while Ofilwes rebellious brother, Tshepo , an accomplished high school student, is urged by his father to study actuarial sciences rather than African literature. Tshepo himself realises that the status accorded to a prestigious education is illusory ( Matlwa , 2007: 80). Language is a divisive subject for the Tlou family. Education is more than a status marker for the Tlous ; it is not only about which schools are attended but, in the case of university education, what subjects should be studied. It is interesting that there is a very singular goal of education in the views of the adult characters. Education is seen as a necessary tool for advancement and procur ing a suitable career that will facilitate a spouse and children. Tshepo is the most politically conscious and self-aware character we come across in this novel: " Tshepo reckons that

The Crucible society Essays

The Crucible society Essays The Crucible society Essay The Crucible society Essay Mrs Putnam was jealous of Rebecca Nurse. This was because Rebecca had a large healthy family with all living children whereas all but one of Mrs Putnams children had died. Mrs. Putnam had seven babies that each died within a day of its birth. You think it Gods work you should never lose a child, nor grandchild either, and I bury all but one? said Mrs Putnam who channelled her anger into blaming Rebecca for their deaths as she was convinced that Rebecca used witchcraft to murder them. This eventually lead to Rebeccas death because as Rebecca was Mrs Putnams midwife and seven of Mrs Putnams babies died, Rebecca was wrongly charged with being a witch and that accusation was believed. Abigail wanted Elizabeth Proctor dead. This was because following her and Proctors affair, all she wanted was to be with John Proctor. She hoped that if his wife was out of the way she could have John. Betty accused Abigail saying: You did, you did! You drank a charm to kill John Proctors wife! You drank a charm to kill Goody Proctor! Abigails vanity also led her to believe that John Proctor would want her to be his wife rather than Elizabeth. This makes her think that if Elizabeth was out of the way she could have Proctor. She thinks to dance with me on my wifes grave. Also Abigail was found with a needle stuck in her stomach. She accused Elizabeth of using a poppet as a sort of voodoo doll to stick the needle in her. Cheever told Proctor, when Elizabeth showed him the poppet that Mary had made for her earlier that day stuck two inches in the flesh of her belly, he draw a needle out. And demandin of her how she come to be so stabbed, she testify it were your wifes familiar spirit pushed it in. Cheever wouldnt have thought that Abigail would stab herself and that made him believe Abigails untrue story that Elizabeths spirit pushed the needle in and therefore was a witch. Dancing was entirely forbidden and was linked with the Devil. When the girls were caught casting spells whilst dancing they blamed others so they wouldnt be punished. In one scene, all the girls screamed that they had seen other women from the village with the Devil as a diversion that sought to draw the attention away from the girls themselves, I saw Sarah Good with the Devil! I saw Goody Osburn with the Devil! I saw Bridget with the Devil! People were more that willing to accept witchcraft so were easily able to believe stories told to them. Parris was willing to accept that his daughter Bettys illness was unnatural rather that risk his reputation. The unknown illness was considered linked to the Devil as there was no cure and it followed the night of dancing and casting spells. Pride in his scholarship and his belief in witchcraft makes Hale willing to accept the girls accusations (of innocent women) as genuine. Even though he quite likes the Proctors, the girls have accused Elizabeth of witchcraft, which makes him question the Proctors faith, I thought, sir, to put some questions as to the Christian character of this house, if youll permit me. But in the end Hale does come to question the girls accusations following his interrogations of Abigail and later he returns to the town to try and stop the trials because he becomes deeply troubled, claiming that if Rebecca Nurse is tainted, there is nothing to stop the whole world from burning. The two judges Danforth and Hathorne had so much pride that they couldnt accept that the girls had manipulated them with false accusations. They were too interested in being strict in court and asking question after question until the accused person broke down and confessed to save their own life (or deny and be killed). Even after Abigail had vanished, Danforth and Hathorne found it very difficult to believe that the girls had been lying and they still hung John Proctor and Rebecca Nurse. Danforth cried Hang them high over the town! Instead of believing what Proctor says about the girls being fakes, the judges condemn him to death. However, the judges did begin to doubt the truthfulness of the girls stories when Abigail takes all of Parris money and runs away with Mercy but their doubt came too late to save the life of Rebecca Nurse and John Proctor. Proctors pride also leads to his death as he would not falsely confess to witchcraft to save his own life. Once the girls denounced the women it was very difficult to retract their accusations. This was because so many villagers believed the accusations and the girls were frightened of what the court might do when they were discovered to be liars. When one of the girls, Mary, confessed none of the other girls support her and it back fired because the other girls accused her of witchcraft. In the end the easiest way out for Mary was to withdraw her confession. (Pointing at Proctor): Youre the Devils man! The girls accusations were believed because circumstances in Salem allowed people to have revenge upon others to hide their own wrongdoings, for example, when Abigail shouted I saw Sarah Good with the Devil! This took the focus away from her. Conclusion All these factors in Salem society allowed the girls stories to be believed and taken so seriously that innocent lives were taken. After John Proctor had been imprisoned, Abigail found that it was all too much. She couldnt retract her accusations and she could continue with them so she fled. Parris said My niece, sir, my niece- I believe she has vanished. Once the girls had accused other women in the village of witchcraft and the executions had begun, it was very difficult for those involved to admit that dreadful mistakes had been made. But there are three main reasons why the girls stories were readily believed. One is the fact that there wasnt a really strong leader in the town although Parris was supposed to be a leader. Two, Salems court system seems faulty especially as there was no hearing for the victim, even if they were really innocent they had two choices of either confessing or being put into jail or denial which got them executed. Once they were accused they couldnt win. Land and cattle also became available when people were hung after being accused of witchcraft too. Three, people were not allowed to have beliefs and views that were different. When the girls lied about dancing in the woods, they did it to protect themselves and their families. The girls said that they saw members of the town standing with the devil as they believed they could put the blame on to others and not be held responsible for their own sins. Although Abigail and the other girls started the accusations, the responsibility for the deaths of many innocent people lies with the whole community which broke down.

Social Network and Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Network and Religion - Essay Example Nowadays, Social Networking Service (SNS) has become the most powerful communication technology in addition to being the fastest medium to use especially when people want to share their life stories. Specifically, Facebook, Twitter, and Snapchat are the most powerful social networking services that influence a larger number of users in the United States. Before the Internet was invented, television and radio were the major communication technologies in terms of mass media that were intended to reach a large number of audiences. People who could not attend the church on Sunday used to take advantage by watching TV and listening radio. However, the overall use of the word â€Å"media,† has declined because of a new idea of mass media. This new media has been defined as being associated with the Internet and interplays amongst technology, sound, and images like YouTube that shows visual test with sound in the online world. While at the same time, the definition of new media chang es consistently and therefore, is a mixture concept of both new and mass media, which is SNS, and has an enormous impact on our religious society and culture. On the other hand, these new communication technology services may sound useful but nevertheless have a dangerous effect on the religious aspect like bittersweet. Everyone can be an evangelist through an activity of SNS. For instance, people can share their personal story or even anything that is associated with the religion anytime immediately. In case of Facebook, users can interact with others simply by pressing â€Å"like† or sharing someone’s post, which is one click away communication. Through SNS activity; people who are in religion have a regressive aspect that they are more likely to overlook the real religious activity. In Latin phrase, â€Å"extra Ecclesiamnullasalus† means there is no salvation outside

Three Main Stages in a Listening Lesson and Activities Suitable For Essay

Three Main Stages in a Listening Lesson and Activities Suitable For Each Stage - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that when the learners have been able to listen accurately, they are in a better position to refine their understanding of the grammatical structure of the content being taught and also apply it to develop their own vocabulary. The planning of a listening lesson should be systematic  so that the teacher can prepare the students for listening just before the actual listening lesson begins, and continue to prepare them during the actual listening lesson and even after the lesson. The systematic planning is necessary, owing to the fact that learners can experience problems in understanding and the subsequent interpretation of the content of the listening lesson. Thus, there are three main stages that a listening lesson should undergo in order to enhance the chances of the students’ understanding, comprehending and interpreting the content accurately. These stages are: Pre-listening is the first stage in a listening lesson, which occurs before the actual listening of the text by the learners begin. Pre-listening is a vital stage in the listening lesson, due to the fact that it acts as a preparation stage for the learners to get an idea of what they are going to listen. One of the major goals why the Pre-listening stage is important in a listening lesson is that it is the necessary stage for offering the necessary motivation to the learners. Motivation is important because it is the element that arouses the interest of the students in the text, making the students ready to listen keenly to the content. Therefore, the role of the teacher at the Pre-listening stage should be that of motivating the learners through creating interest and raising their curiosity regarding what the listening text contains.